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Medications to Treat Anxiety Therapy is the most effective method to manage anxiety, however sometimes a short-term course of medication is required. Antidepressants and tranquilizers are among the drugs that can be used to treat anxiety. SSRI antidepressants like citalopram escitalopram, and sertraline can reduce anxiety. SNRIs, which target the chemicals serotonin and norepinephrine are also effective. SSRIs SSRIs are typically the first prescription medication recommended by doctors to treat anxiety disorders. They stop nerve cells from absorption of serotonin into the brain, a chemical which is essential for regulating mood. It takes some time for the medication to begin working however, people typically begin feeling better after 4 to six weeks. SSRIs do not develop a habit and are not addicting, therefore they can continue to be taken for a long period of time. Another type of antidepressant, SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), also treats depression and anxiety. Examples of SNRIs are citalopram (Celexa) as well as escitalopram (Lexapro) and the fluoxetine (Prozac), paroxetine (Paxil) and sertraline (Zoloft). Tricyclic antidepressants such as imipramine (Tofranil), doxepine, and Anxiety Disorder stimulant are also used to treat anxiety and depression. Mirtazapine, an antidepressant that is novel, is sometimes used to treat anxiety disorders. Doctors aren't certain of the exact way SSRIs and other SNRIs work however, they do know that they boost activity of certain chemical messengers within the brain, referred to as neurotransmitters. They stop the brain from absorbing chemicals and permit these chemicals to interact with receptors. SSRIs are used to treat generalized anxiety disorder, GAD; obsessive-compulsive disorder, OCD; panic disorder/agoraphobia; and posttraumatic stress disorder, PTSD. They may also help with bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder, but this is less frequent. Atypical antipsychotic medications can be prescribed to patients with anxiety who do not respond to SSRIs. Examples include quetiapine (Abilify), and aripiprazole, (Risperdal). These drugs decrease anxiety in those suffering from obsessive compulsive disorder. They are usually prescribed in conjunction with an antidepressant, and they have a lower risk of serious side effects compared to other types of antipsychotics. Beta-blockers are also prescribed to treat anxiety, and heart conditions. Examples include propranolol (Inderal) and atenolol (Tenormin). They can reduce physical symptoms of anxiety in people who suffer from social anxiety disorder. They can help in reducing anxiety, specifically during or following surgery. Benzodiazepines, such as lorazepam or Ativan (Ativan) are able to be used when other medications don't work. However, benzodiazepines can cause dependence and may be addictive. SNRIs SNRIs are a type of antidepressant medication that is typically prescribed to combat anxiety. They work similarly to SSRIs but they also increase the availability of norepinephrine and serotonin in the brain. In turn, they are typically more effective at treating certain kinds of anxiety disorders, such as panic disorder and social anxiety disorder. These medications are most effective when used when used in conjunction with other treatments and therapy. Unlike benzodiazepines SNRIs don't cause dependence or addiction for the majority of people. However, some patients could be prone to withdrawal after stopping the medication after a long time of usage. It is crucial to talk with your physician prior to stopping any medication. Serotonin and norepinephrine, two neurotransmitters, are responsible for stress and mood responses. They play an important part in the fight or flight response that many sufferers of anxiety feel. By preventing the reuptake of, SNRIs stop nerve cells from absorption of these neurotransmitters in a rapid manner. In this way, they keep these chemicals in the brain for longer and as a result they have the potential to improve mood and reduce feelings of anxiety or even help alleviate symptoms of panic attacks. Norepinephrine also plays a part in anxiety as it triggers the Amygdala. This is a very deep and primitive part of the brain that is linked to anxiety-related behavior. SNRIs decrease the activity in this region of the brain. This can boost mood, anxiety and reduce panic attacks. While these medications can be very beneficial, it is important to note that they can come with a risk of increasing suicidal thoughts in some individuals. Due to this, they are typically prescribed in higher doses for a short period. In addition, these medicines are able to interact with other medications and other substances. If you are on any other prescription or non-prescription medications, be sure to discuss this with your physician and keep them informed of any underlying medical conditions you suffer from, especially heart problems and bleeding-related diseases. Also, be aware that certain patients have reported adverse reactions to SNRIs like nausea and dry mouth. Benzodiazepines Benzos, also known as benzodiazepines as they are commonly called are drugs that act quickly and reduce anxiety and other anxiety-related symptoms, like tension in the muscles and insomnia. They can be helpful for sufferers of anxiety disorders, such as social anxiety and panic disorder particularly if other treatments, such as SSRIs or psychotherapy (talk therapy) aren't working. They can be employed as a temporary remedy while you wait for your antidepressant medication to begin to work. Benzos include diazepam flurazepam, temazepam, and. Because they're fast-acting, they typically begin to work within 30 minutes. They don't remain in the body for long, therefore they should be regularly taken to reap the full benefits. Benzos taken for long durations of time can lead to addiction and physical dependence, so they should be used only for the shortest time possible. Benzos are not recommended for those suffering from depression or other anxiety disorders, as they can increase the risk of these issues. People who use benzos over long periods of time with no medical supervision and often without the direction of a doctor, could develop a condition called sedative-use disorders, which include withdrawal symptoms and addiction. This problem is rare in people who use benzos on prescription. Benzo addiction usually arises from other causes such as alcoholism or depression. Taking benzodiazepines for the long-term may also lead to tolerance to their effects of sedation. When you become tolerant, it takes more and more of the medication to produce the same effect. This could result in respiratory depression or even death. It is essential to take benzodiazepines according to the prescription, even on a long-term basis. Other Medical Treatments SSRIs and SNRIs are the first drugs prescribed by doctors to treat anxiety. They affect serotonin, which influences mood appetite, sleep, and mood. They can take a while to take effect, up to 12 weeks, and may cause certain side effects, such as nausea or insomnia. SSRIs can also be used to treat mental disorders such as depression, panic disorder, and obsessive compulsive disorder. Contrary to benzodiazepines, antidepressants do not cause physical dependence but they may trigger withdrawal symptoms if abruptly discontinued. The medicines in this class include sertraline (Zoloft), fluoroquinol (Prozac) and citalopram (Celexa). They can be used alone or in combination with therapy. Antidepressants may be prescribed by a psychiatrist, psychologist or family physician with specialized training in medication management. Doctors may prescribe a class of monoamine-oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) as an antidepressant. These drugs inhibit the action of specific enzymes which break down chemicals such as serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine. MAOIs can take up to three or four weeks to take effect however they aren't as quick-acting as SSRIs. Another medication that can help manage anxiety is clonidine. This is used to manage high blood pressure. However, it is not widely used to treat anxiety. how to treat anxiety is limited by side effects such as hypotension and sedation. Doctors may prescribe antihistamines like hydroxyzine, to help reduce the symptoms of panic attacks and anxiety. Some patients may also experience a reduction in the effectiveness of benzodiazepines. Anxiety is often treated with a combination of psychotherapy exercise and medication. A therapist who is specialized in treating anxiety disorders is the most effective way to manage anxiety. They can help you determine the root causes of your anxiety and suggest strategies to manage it, without medication if required. Other treatment options for anxiety that aren't medications include eye movement desensitization and mindfulness meditation, reprocessing, and trauma-informed yoga. Talk with your therapist about which options are most suitable for you. Psychologists are trained to analyze your symptoms, medical history and formulate an appropriate treatment plan for anxiety that is appropriate for you. When preparing the plan, they will take into consideration your diagnosis, lifestyle as well as your medical background and preferences. They may also make adjustments as time passes.